Essay about Outliers Summaries - 622 Words

1. â€Å"Introduction: The Roseto Mystery† The introduction of Outliers begins with an inspection of Italian American immigrants near the end of the 19th century, the founders of a small town in Pennsylvania, called Roseto. In a study conducted by physician Stewart Wolf, et al. researchers set out to decide how the people of Roseto were able to live longer, healthier lives than that of the people in the towns of the same region, as well as the rest of the nation. The secret of the success for the people of Roseto could be found in a nearly unanimous social integration, which focused on respect for elders, a common set of religious beliefs, and an egalitarian way of thinking. Wolf’s findings introduced the medical community to a new way of†¦show more content†¦This selection convention is typical throughout the world and is how the best of the best eventually make their way into professional sports such as hockey, soccer, and the Olympics. The idea that a person’s individual merit is the sole reason behi nd his or her success is challenged. An interesting connection is realized in the birth month of star hockey players; it is discovered that more hockey players have birth months in January, February, and March than in any other month of the year. The reason is found in the January 1st cutoff date for acceptance into age classed hockey leagues. The advantage of being 9-11 months older than other players yields advantages that build upon themselves as players’ skills progress. Similar correlations were found in other types of sports and in academics. Hard work, consistency, and motivation were undoubtedly involved in the successes of those analyzed, however, attention is drawn to a very important notion; in order to find out what makes a person successful, you also need to know where they come from. 2.2 â€Å"The 10,000 Hour Rule† Building upon the previous chapter, we begin to understand how all the right ingredients for achievement and success can be present, and yet they may never happen without a stroke of luck. Becoming an expert at some skill is earned by putting in hard work across several hours, approximately 10,000 hours. Being born in the right year, or timeShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Malcolm Gladwells Outliers714 Words   |  3 PagesIn the number one national bestseller, Outliers, Malcolm Gladwell presents what he considers to be â€Å"the formula to success.† In contrast to his theories of success, Ms. Michiko Kakutani calls his book clumsy and weak and claims it doesn’t present an idea of success that appeals to everyone. I agree with Michiko Kakutani; her statements seemed very accurate, strong, and detailed. Malcolm Gladwell’s book was chock-full of generalizations that were made based on one particular group or person. She pointsRead MoreSummary Of Outliers By Malcolm Gl adwell Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pagesa player is 3x more likely to make the Hall of Fame than a manager is. It comes as no surprise that more experience with a task, the easier that task comes to the individual. Malcolm Gladwell writes about the 10,000 hours rule in his famous book â€Å"Outliers†. To summarize this means that an individual cannot become an expert on something until he or she has practiced for 10,000 hours. In the past two MLB off seasons there have been 11 manager changes. Six of these changes have given birth to six first-timeRead MoreEssay on Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell1853 Words   |  8 PagesExecutive Summary The novel Outliers, aims to investigate the very thing we want for our family, our students, and ourselves. For most of our lives we have believed that with hard work, anyone can achieve success. That had to be the reason that poor immigrants like Andrew Carnegie and college dropouts like Bill Gates achieved unimaginable wealth. Most of us were taught that working harder than anyone else would lead to ultimate success. While the author, Malcolm Gladwell, does not disputeRead MoreAlex Reine . Ms.Stroud. English Iii. 3/5/17. Book Summary.In1278 Words   |  6 PagesAlex Reine Ms.Stroud English III 3/5/17 Book Summary In Outliers, Gladwell attempts to answer, What makes some people successful while others cannot seem to realize their full potential? In U.S. society, people are considered successful when they have traits and characteristics: self-sacrifice, intelligence, talent. However, He says that the conditions and circumstances surrounding our lives are the significant influential factors that determine our success, not our inner ability or talentRead MoreStatistic Study Notes Wgu (Selected Chapters) Essay1956 Words   |  8 Pagesexplanation, and prediction and control research studies use two different categories of statistics to analyze the data collected: descriptive and inferential. Descriptive statistics are simply numerical or graphical summaries of data, and may include charts, graphs, and simple summary statistics such as means and standard deviations to describe characteristics of a population sample. Inferential statistics are statistical techniques (e.g., chi-square test, the t test, the one-way ANOVA) that allowRead MoreSample Statistic Assignment2945 Words   |  12 Pages(Graphing Categorical Data); page 30 9 Part 4: Center and Spread for Quantitative Data Measuring Center There are two ways we can measure the center of a distribution: mean and median. Mean: When our data is fairly symmetric with no big outliers, mean is the best measure of center. To find the mean of a set of observations, add each value and divide by the number of observations. This formula is written as: 1 x = ∑ xi n where x (pronounced x–bar) denotes sample mean and xi is each observationRead MoreMovie Analysis : Motion Picture Industry1427 Words   |  6 PagesDescriptive statistics can allow a reader a summary of data that is easy to understand with both visual and textual references. In fact, Anderson, Sweeney, Williams, Camm, and Cochrane (2012) stated that â€Å"information in newspapers, magazines, or company reports, consists of data that are summarized and presented in a form that is easy for the reader to understand. These data, which may be graphical, or numerical, are referred to as descriptive statistics† (p. 14). Summary of movie revenue sample The meanRead MoreCase Study 1: Motion Picture Industry1477 Words   |  6 PagesMANAGERIAL REPORT Case Study: Motion Picture Industry Assignment 1 Prepared By: Table of Contents Introduction 3 Executive Summary 3 Data and General Analysis 4 CONCLUSIONS 12 Integrity Statement 13 Works Cited 13 Executive Summary In this report we will show, via descriptive statistics, how independent variables appear to contribute to the success of motion pictures.   Using data collected from a sample of 100 motion pictures produced in 2005, we utilize the followingRead MoreThe State Of Missouri County1175 Words   |  5 PagesEstimate Population Ball 4 Response Variable (Y), Prison Population For each quantitative variable I provided the thirty data sets, mean, standard deviation, variance and the 5-number summary. There was also an outlier test ran on each variable to show the presence of high end outliers, shown highlighted in pink on the table. Ball 5 Results of Statistical Analysis: In the above graph, it clearly shows the regression and trend line in a positive or upward slant, that visuallyRead MoreMotion Picture Industry Essay1740 Words   |  7 Pagespoints below), including an explanation of the descriptive statistics in relation to the motion picture industry. Further, a z-score will be used on each of the four data sets to determine if there are any outstanding high-performer outliers and show any other outliers that exist. Finally, a correlation coefficient will show the relationship between the total gross sales of the movies to each of the other three variables. Data Points For the data results the following criteria will be found:

A Successful Communist Utopia Is A Dream Because It Would...

A successful communist Utopia is a dream because it would require all non-communists to be eliminated. In a communist nation, each individual is given equal shares in result of their labor, and wealth is distributed in a fashion so all individuals are in the same wealth class. The role of Communism in 1984 was influenced by the tension between the United States and the USSR, the Domino Theory, and the fear of harsh treatment under Communist rule. The novel 1984 was written in the midst of the Cold War, occurring from 1947 until 1991. The Cold War was an indirect battle between the US and the USSR involving clashing beliefs. Neither side was ever in real battle with the other but they fought for their own beliefs, The USSR fought for Communism and the US fought for Capitalism (The Cuban Missile Crisis). One of the prominent rulers during the Cold War was Joseph Stalin. Stalin was born a serf, a laborer who worked underneath a lords estate, but became the Supreme Leader of the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1953.A question is often, how do these rulers gain so much power? Stalin’s rise to power began in 1905 when he attended a conference in Finland as a delegate. Joseph Stalin is then appointed to the Party’s Central Committee by Vladimir Lenin in 1912, and in 1922, he was chosen as General Secretary of the Communist Party. Stalin took the path of slowly working his way up the hierarchy to gain his own power (Joseph S talin Timeline). Big Brother was the figure of power in 1984,Show MoreRelatedSocialist Realism, The Cherished Genre Of The Stalin Era1736 Words   |  7 PagesSocialist Realism, the cherished genre of the Stalin era which brought random bits of musical joy to everyday Soviet life. During this period, only a select few films would get the pass for creation. This created a limited but precise pool of films that depict the ideals of the time. For a film to be considered of the Socialist Realist genre, a few key points should be displayed throughout the film. First, the characters must carry the philosophy of viewing their past and Russia’s past not just fromRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesMichael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright  © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited by Michael Peter Adas for the American Historical Association. p. cm.—(Critical perspectives on the past) Includes bibliographicalRead MoreEmilio Jacintos Trading Cooperative19425 Words   |  78 PagesPractices, University of Wisconsin Extension—Madison, Publication A1457, July 1980. What has come to be known simply as â€Å"the Schaars book,† was originally written in 1936 by Chris L. Christensen, Asher Hobson, Henry Bakken, R.K. Froker, and Marvin Schaars, all faculty in the Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Wisconsin—Madison. Since its first publication, the Schaars book has served as a basic reference for cooperative members and leaders, cooperative instructors and development specialistsRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesinteractive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced student user Ask your local representative for details! Collaborate withRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesSemiotics of the Cinema Christian Metz Translated by Michael Taylor The University of Chicago Press Published by arrangement with Oxford University Press, Inc. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637  © 1974 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved. English translation. Originally published 1974 Note on Translation  © 1991 by the University of Chicago University of Chicago Press edition 1991 Printed in the United States of America 09 08 07 6 7 8 9 10 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagessituates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a

Richard Frethorne free essay sample

Richard Frethorne, an indentured servant, a young man forced to grow up in a challenging area known as Colonial Virginia. Becoming an indentured servant, one must sign a contract giving them a working environment hoping for some land in return once the contract has expired. Depending on age, one would typically work for around five years. Richard Frethorne wrote this letter to his parents back home describing his struggles, his thoughts and opinions, and work environment. Richard Frethorne was forced to work throughout the day’s and night’s with little to no water and perhaps a mouthful of bread to end his day. Death by starvation was just over the horizon, and for many, it killed them. Exhaustion, disease and even constant attacks from the natives killed many of the workers. Colonial Virginia is a newly formed colony, with majority of workers fighting their way to survive in their unpleasant work environment, trust was out the window. We will write a custom essay sample on Richard Frethorne or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many would steal food and clothing from others, mainly from people who have became sick and weak with distress. Coming from England, Richard had no idea on how much of a struggle he would have to go through in order just to survive the working conditions. In his letter Richard stated, â€Å"†¦that I have eaten more in a day at home than I have allowed me here for a weeke. † This quote had me thinking how hard it really must have been for Richard to even survive a month, I couldn’t’ even do that, but luckily he came across a couple who lends a helping hand. A sense of family is found in the new world due to this couple, though they too are struggling. The tone and desperation of this letter became clear once I read â€Å"But this is Certaine I never felt the want of ffather an mother till now,†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He is a child crying for his parents, wanting to go back home , â€Å"†¦I beg of you to helpe me. † These two quotes basically sums up the whole letter, his whole tone of the letter, and the way he feels about being an indentured servant. His cry for help to his parents were short heard due to the fact that the Atlantic Ocean separated them. His parents had no role in his life in Virginia but a memory to go back to, to feel at ease. Life in Colonial Virginal as an indentured servant sure had its downs. Seen through the eyes and mind of Richard Frethorne as one, we now can say we’ve seen it through thousands of indentured servants fighting their way for a better life. The dishonest truth these people were put through gave them little to no hope for the remainder of their short lived lives. Being faced with this hardship I could only imagine how many more of these servants were crying for help. Richard Frethorne, a fighter amongst many.

Significance of Big Data Literature Review Paper

Question: Discuss about the Significance of Big Datafor Literature Review Paper. Answer: Introduction A world without data storage is imaginable. Such a world means that the details of the organization or a person, every detail of a storable document, or every performed transaction is lost directly after its use(Nada Elgendy, 2014). Firms would therefore lose the ability to conduct a detailed analysis, access valuable knowledge and information, as well as providing new advantages and opportunities. Any information has become very crucial for the day-to-day operations. For any organization to thrive, they have to use data as the building block. With an increase in technological advancement especially the internet, there is a huge surge of information and data. Enormous amount of data is easily available with the increase of data collection methodology and storage capabilities(Nada Elgendy, 2014). Every minute, there a lot of data that is being created. For this data to make any sense, it should be stored and analyzed. This study analyzes the available literature on the significance of big data. Big Data Analytics The term big data is used to refer to the large database that cannot be stored and analyzed by the traditional methods of data management(Tulasi, 2013). The size of the big data is so huge that the commonly used storage system and software tools are incapable of capturing, storing, managing, as well as processing all the data within the required time. Currently the sizes of big data are increasing continuously to many petabytes from a few terabyte dozens in one data set. visualizing, searching, capturing, analytics, and storing are some of the challenges related to big data(Wagner, 2014). Organizations are exploring huge volumes of detailed data so as to extract information that they are do not understand. Therefore, big data analytics involves application of analytic techniques that are highly advanced on sets of big data. Large data sample analytics reveals and influence change in businesses. Nonetheless, it becomes more difficult to manage larger data sets. Decision Making and Big Data Analytics From the perspective of a decision maker, the importance of big data is in its potential to give valuable information and knowledge on which decisions can be based(Partners, 2012). Throughout the years, the topic and significance of the process of managerial decision making has been covered thoroughly in different researches. Organizations benefit significantly from the highly detailed big data from varied sources such as loyalty cards, social network, scanners, mobile phones, and websites. However, this can only be achieved if the data is analyzed properly to reveal insights that are of value, which can be capitalized by the decision makers to access the opportunities presented from the wealth of real-time and historic data created through customer behaviors, processes of production, and supply chains. Moreover, companies are currently used to examining internal data. Some of the internal data include inventory, shipments, and sales(Elena Geanina, 2012). Nonetheless, there has been a rise in the need for external data analysis. Some of the external data required by the different organizations include supply chains and customer markets. The application of big data can provide knowledge and cumulated value. With the increasing types and sizes of data that is unstructured, it has become essential to base on meaningful data inferences to make more informed decisions. Similarly, (Nada Elgendy, 2014)developed a framework known as B-DAD which maps techniques and tools of big data into the process of decision making. The intention of those frameworks is the enhancement of the process of decision making in respect to dealing with huge data. Intelligence phase is the first phase of the process of decision making. At this phase data is collected from both external and internal sources to be used in the identification of opportunities and problems. First, there should be an identification of data sources(Rasmus Wegener, 2013). The data identified should be collected from different sources, analyzed, and stored before being migrated to the final user. The acquired data is stored in the big data management systems(Magnusson, 2012). After the storage, the data is processed after it has been organized and prepared. This is accomplished using huge data processing tools or by a high-speed network such as ELT. The process of decision making which is the phase of designing is the next phase. At this phase, there is development and analysis through conceptualization of all possible actions. This phase is divided into three steps by the B-DAD framework. The three steps are data analytics, analyzing, and model planning. At this stage, different data analytics' models are selected, planned, applied, and analyzed(Nada Elgendy, 2014). Consequently, the process of decision making is followed by the choice phase. At this phase, various methods are applied to evaluate the effects of the suggested course of actions or solutions from the design step. Implementation phase is the last stage of the process of decision making. At this stage, the previous phase suggested solutions are implemented. Different companies across various sectors are becoming interested in how to analyze and manage big data, as its amount continues to grow exponentially(Jacquiline, 2012). At such, they are making efforts to get the best insights presented by the big data opportunities. These organizations are implementing the big data analytics in order to make faster and better decisions that will result in economic gains(Sudhakar, 2015). At such, they are adopting big data analytics so as to analyze the big amount of data quicker, and expose the customer intelligence, sentiments, and patterns that were unseen previously. This section will analyze different proposed and implemented applications of big data, and how they can help businesses across various industries to enhance decision making and gain valuable insights. Big data helps organizations to enhance the existing new services and products, design new ones, and invent completely new business model. These benefits are gained when the entities apply big data analytics in different business areas such as performance, fraud detection, customer intelligence, quality and risk management, and supply chain intelligence. (Nicholas Graves, 2011)lists the main sectors that can gain from the big data analytics. Examples of those sectors include healthcare, banking, central government, manufacturing, retail, and telecom industries. Customer Intelligence Big data analytics possess huge customer intelligence ability. It is important to industries like telecommunications, banking and retail. Big data creates openness and makes important data accessible to shareholders in time. Also, it offers companies the ability to segment and profile its clients according to various socioeconomic characteristics and increases the customer retention and satisfaction levels(Peersman, 2014). The analysis of Big data allows customers to come up with marketing decisions that are in line with their preferences as well as recognize marketing and sales opportunities. Additionally, social media application can be used in informing the organizations about their customers preference. Through, the analysis of sentiment on big data, companies can be notified if their clients are turning or shifting to other products and enabling the company to take necessary actions. By using Social Network Analysis to examine customer sentiments concerning brands and identification of influential person, organizations can be able to carry out direct marketing and react according to the emerging trends(Lieberman, 2014). Big data analytics also enables the formulation of customer behavior models and purchasing patterns hence, raising revenues. They also benefit companies through the creation of better market targets, prediction and definition of market sentiments as well as the analysis and understanding of market mix and various customer behaviors. Supply Chain and Performance Management Big data analytics can be used in supply chain management to forecast changes in demand, and match their supply appropriately. This is of high significance for transport retail, logistic, and manufacturing industries(Dupre, 2013). Through the analysis of geospatial data on deliveries and stock utilization, companies make decision making automatic, which will reduce process interruption, lead times, and minimize delays and costs. In addition, by basing on price or quality competitiveness of suppliers, the decisions on changing them can be easily taken by monitoring and analyzing their performance. Also, alternative pricing situations can be made automatic, which will facilitate an increase in profit margins and inventories reduction. Furthermore, big data can lead to better forecasting and planning by identifying the root causes of costs. Big data is also very can be of high significance in the management of performance. The healthcare and governmental sectors can benefit easily from this performance management. With the increasing need to improve staff performance a and productivity information can be forecasted and monitored by applying tools used for predictive analysis(Nada Elgendy, 2014). This enables different departments to increase efficiency by link their user outcome or service with the strategic objectives. In addition, with the easily accessible performance information and big data, the organizational managers can adopt the application of dashboards, balanced score cards and predictive tools within their organization which can facilitate transparency improvement, performance monitoring, setting objectives and planning, and functions of management, Improvement of Quality Management Big data can be applied in managing quality especially in industries such as telecommunication, utilities and energy, and manufacturing. The big data is used in these industries to reduce costs and increase profitability by improving the quality of the offered products(Lieberman, 2014). For instance, in the process of manufacturing, performance variability can be reduced by applying predictive analysis on big data. This can also help to provide early warning alerts which in turn prevent issues of quality. Through the identification of production disruptions before they happen, the organizations can be able to reduce the time to market and decrease scrap rates by saving on the expenditure. Furthermore, big data can result in lead improvement of manufacturing. Also, the monitoring of machine logs and analysis of real time data can help the managers deliver quality management by making quicker decisions. The big data analytics also can sanction the monitoring of network demand in real t ime, in supplementing the bandwidth forecasting in customer behavior response. Moreover, the information technology (IT) systems in healthcare can improve the quality and efficiency of care by integrating and communicating the data for the patient across all institutions and departments, while protecting the patients privacy(Karthik Kambatlaa, 2014). The individuals continuity care can be improved by analyzing the health record, as well as massive database creation which through it outcomes and treatment can be compared and predicted. Hence, with the advancements in analytical tools and the increasing application of electronic health records, there is an opportunity to extract the information of the patient and use that information to assess the healthcare quality, health services, and disease control and management. The citizens quality of lives can be improved by using big data. For instance, in healthcare sector, hospitals and homes can use sensors to provide patient monitoring that is continuous and use the streamed data to perform real-time analysis(Elena Geanina, 2012). The information obtained can be used to alert care givers if there is detection of any health anomalies so that the necessary interventions can be made. The analysis of adherence of the patients to their prescription can be done remotely so as to improve the treatment and drug options. Transportation can be improved and transformed by analyzing information from distributed sensors on vehicles, road, and handheld devices. The sensors provide real-time information on the traffic situations. By having real-time traffic information, the drivers can operate with less disruption safely and also traffic jam can be controlled by predicting it before it occurs(Nada Elgendy, 2014). How the roadways are used can be transformed by having intelligent connected vehicles with the new traffic ecosystem. Also, the use of big data can base in the real-time information to provide smart routing that use personal location data. Such applications can automatically solicit assistance when there is detection of trouble by the sensors, and inform the road users if there is any congestion, scheduled road-work, or accident in real time. Big data can also be used for understanding of frequency, location, and climate and weather intensity changes. This can be of much benefit to businesses and individuals who depend on weather, such transportation, tourism, and agricultural sectors(Nada Elgendy, 2014). Additionally, there is the new development of analytical techniques and sensors which can be used to forecast weather and climate changes. This can help to predict natural disasters that are related to weather and adopt preventive measures before they occur. Conclusion In the era of information, decision makers easily access huge amount of data. Big data refers to the huge information that is high in velocity and variety, hence making it difficult to handle using conventional techniques. Currently the sizes of big data are increasing continuously to many petabytes from a few terabyte dozens in one data set. visualizing, searching, capturing, analytics, and storing are some of the challenges related to big data. From the perspective of a decision maker, the importance of big data is in its potential to give valuable information and knowledge on which decisions can be based. With the increasing types and sizes of data that is unstructured, it has become essential to base on meaningful data inferences to make more informed decisions. Big data helps organizations to enhance the existing new services and products, design new ones, and invent completely new business model. These benefits are gained when the entities apply big data analytics in different business areas such as performance, fraud detection, customer intelligence, quality and risk management, and supply chain intelligence. References Dupre, 2013. Big Data Analytics For Supply Chains. [Online] Available at: https://www.duprelogistics.com/in-the-news/big-data-analytics-for-supply-chains [Accessed 18 4 2017]. Elena Geanina, 2012. Perspectives on Big Data and Big Data Analytics. Database Systems Journal, 3(4), pp. 3-10. Jacquiline, B., 2012. Analytics in Higher Education, Louisville: s.n. Karthik Kambatlaa, ,. ,. G. K. ,. V. K. ,. A. G., 2014. Trends in big data analytics. ournal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 74(7), p. 25612573. Lieberman, M., 2014. Visualizing Big Data: Social Network Analysis. Texas, Multivariate Solutions. Magnusson, J., 2012. ocial Network Analysis Utilizing Big Data Technology , s.l.: s.n. Nada Elgendy, A. E., 2014. Big Data Analytic: Literature Review Paper. Research Gate, pp. 2015-2023. Nicholas Graves, A. G. B. K. H. C. C. B. C., 2011. The Importance of Good Data, Analysis, and Interpretation for Showing the Economics of Reducing Healthcare-Associated Infection. Chicago Journal, 32(9), pp. 927-932. Partners, N., 2012. Why is BIG Data Important?, s.l.: s.n. Peersman, G., 2014. Overview: Data Collection and Analysis Methods in Impact Evaluation, s.l.: s.n. Rasmus Wegener, V. S., 2013. The value of Big Data: How analytics Differentiates Winners, Atlanta: s.n. Sudhakar, K., 2015. Data analytics the changing use of Data Within Internal Audit, s.l.: s.n. Tulasi, B., 2013. Significance of Big Data and Analytics in Higher Education. International Journal of Computer Applications, 68(4), pp. 21-23. Wagner, D., 2014. The importance of big data analytics in business. [Online] Available at: https://www.techradar.com/news/world-of-tech/the-importance-of-big-data-analytics-in-business-1267606 [Accessed 2017].